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Chemical formula for Capsaicin C18H27N03, the active heat component of all hot peppers. A capsaicin molecule as seen below.

Capsaicin, an alkaloid unique to chili peppers and what makes all chili peppers hot, has been used as a natural remedy for thousands of years, starting with the ancient Mayans. Of all the capsaicinoids, only two compounds are responsible for heat; Capsaicin extract and dihydrocapsaicin. The National Library of Medicine lists the many studies of Capsaicin capsicum oleoresin, one of the most researched substances in nutrition and medicine involving the following health benefits:
Triggers endorphins	Anti-cancer
Improves digestion	Lowers triglycerides
Anti-inflammatory	Prevents blood clots
Decreases congestion	Improves circulation
Lowers cholesterol	Prevents heart diseas
Reduces blood pressure	Increases fat oxidation